Table 8 Sources of data on incidence of conditions requiring interventions listed among the Lancet Series on Midwifery effective practices
Bacterial vaginosis | Based on Mullick et al 2005 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1745010/pdf/v081p00294.pdf), prevalence is variable, but up to 50% in Sub-Saharan Africa: Uganda (n = 4,033) prevalance = 48.5% Zimbabwe (n = 1,656) prevalence = 4.3% Central African Republic (n = 481) prevalance = 21.1% Kenya (n = 621) prevalence = 9% Tanzania (n = 660) prevalance = 24% Kenyon et al (2013) reported data for a number of countries: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000293781300478X If country-specific data were found in either of the above sources, those data were used. Otherwise, 29% was assumed, based on a US study: |
Asymptomatic bacteruria | Allsworth et al (2007) reported incidence of between 2 and 10% (in developing countries): http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.463.1909&rep=rep1&type=pdf 6% was assumed for all 6 countries [(2 + 10/2)] |
Symptomatic UTI | Nabbugodi et al (2015) reported incidence of between 12 and 40% overall: http://www.agialpress.com/journals/oajost/2015/101115/ 26% was assumed for all 6 countries [(12 + 40)/2] |
Vaginal candidiasis | Marai (2001) reported incidence of between 14 and 42%: http://www.ajol.info/index.php/eamj/article/viewFile/8947/1553 Ibrahim et al (2013) reported incidence of 41% in Nigeria: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23829126 28% was assumed for all 6 countries [(14 + 42)/2] |
First time births | Expert opinion: 50% in middle income countries and 40% low-income countries |
Pelvic and back pain | Pierce et al (2012) estimated 71% experience lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy in Australia |