Table 2 Effect of traditional CPD activities on clinical performance and patient outcomes (Wallace and May 2016, adapted from Bloom 2005)
CPD activity | Effect on clinician performance | Effect on patient outcomes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | Moderate | Low | None | High | Moderate | Low | None | |
Didactic programs | 0 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 |
Interactive | 5 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 |
Audit/feedback | 6 | 11 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
Academic outreach | 6 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
Opinion leaders | 0 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Reminders | 9 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
Clinical practice guidelines | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Information only | 0 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |