Table 2 Definitions of health service providers
Provider | Description |
|---|---|
Doctor (Dokter) | Graduate of an Indonesian medical school licensed by the government. |
Nurse (Perawat) | Graduate of: |
(1) a Sekolah Perawat Kesehatan (SPK): students enter at the end of junior high school and the SPK training is regarded as equivalent to senior high school; or | |
(2): an Akademi Perawatan for which students enter at the end of senior high school; or | |
(3): Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, a university-level course at the first degree level; there are a small number of second degree-level graduates as well. All these institutions must be licensed by the government. | |
Midwife (Bidan) | Graduate of: |
(1) Sekolah Bidan (SB): students enter at the end of junior high school and this training is regarded as equivalent to senior high school; or | |
(2): Program Pendidikan Bidan (PPB) – entrants to this one-year programme have an SPK nursing qualification; or | |
(3) Akademi Kebidanan (Akbid), which students enter at the end of senior high school. | |
Originally midwives were trained as SB until this programme was closed in 1984. After a five-year period of no training of midwives, the government started training again in 1989 through the PPB as village midwives; the PPB was closed in 1998 and was replaced by the Akbid programme. |