Table 2 Characteristics of violence
Physical | Non-physicala | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
F | % | F | % | |
Exposure to violence in the past 12 months | ||||
Yes | 158 | 35.6 | 316 | 71.2 |
No | 286 | 64.4 | 128 | 28.8 |
Perpetrators of violence | ||||
Families/companions/visitors | 134 | 85.4 | 233 | 79.5 |
Patients | 16 | 10.2 | 42 | 14.3 |
Colleagues | 7 | 4.5 | 18 | 6.1 |
Need for treatment/care following violent incident | ||||
Did not need treatment | 236 | 83.4 | 118 | 76.1 |
Treated myself | 31 | 11.0 | 23 | 14.8 |
Needed treatment but did not receive | 9 | 3.2 | 11 | 7.1 |
Treated by health professional (physician/nurse) | 7 | 2.5 | 3 | 1.9 |
Causes of violence | ||||
Waiting time | 75 | 47.5 | 137 | 43.4 |
Lack of violence prevention methods | 57 | 36.1 | 118 | 37.3 |
Unmet expectation of patients/families | 56 | 35.4 | 100 | 31.6 |
Lack of medicines or needed services | 28 | 17.7 | 59 | 18.7 |
Anxiety/fear/stress | 26 | 16.5 | 73 | 23.1 |
Mental illness | 23 | 14.6 | 47 | 14.9 |
Staff attitudes | 16 | 10.1 | 33 | 10.4 |
Influence of illness/pain | 12 | 7.6 | 42 | 13.3 |
Lack of people awareness | 11 | 7.0 | 17 | 5.4 |
Influence of substance (drug/alcohol) | 8 | 5.1 | 19 | 6.0 |
Do not know/others | 6 | 3.8 | 12 | 3.8 |