Table 2 Quality assessment criteria for pre-post studies without control arm
Study featuresa | Assessment |
|---|---|
1. Study based on explicit theory | Yes/no/unclear |
2. Adequate description of how intervention strategy adapted to local conditions | Yes/no/unclear |
3. Example given of materials or process | Yes/no/unclear |
4. Adequate description of resources required to carry out interventions | Yes/no/unclear |
5. Measure outcome before and after intervention | Yes/no/unclear |
6. Measurement method same before and after | Yes/no/unclear |
7. Period between education and outcome more than 1Â year | Yes/no/unclear |
8. Author claimed positive results for interventions | Yes/no/unclear |
9. Paper included discussion of possible biases and caveats (or limitations) | Yes/no/unclear |
10. Paper included P values or confidence interval | Yes/no/unclear |
11. Analysis employed some form of modeling such as regression | Yes/no/unclear |
12. Exposure to intervention monitored | Yes/no/unclear |