Table 3 Experienced difficulties with the organization of healthcare institutions

Inadequate norms regulating medical practice

Rules for treatment of psychiatric patients useless, harmful, coercive, and ambiguous

Allocation of tasks between professional groups inefficient and unsatisfactory

Excessive patient education and documentation of decisions

Ineffective and too comprehensive specialty training

Working/changing jobs burdensome with temporary licensure

Inadequate organization of routes for getting and preparing for a job as hospital physician

Licensure process slow and cumbersome

Licensure requirements ineffective in securing competency

Licensure requirements for non-EU applicants unfair and overburdening

Future employer does not truthfully inform about working environment

Inappropriate support to prepare for clinical work

Inadequate organization of hospital work and learning environment

No financial support, job prospects, and interesting tasks for interns

Insufficient support for reaching postgraduate (specialist) training objectives

Tasks assigned do not match level of expertise

Inappropriate support to deal with difficulties experienced

Staff shortages and excessive workload

Further hospital-/person-specific inadequacies in organization

Further institutional difficulties

Career advancement difficult for women

Important information not shared between different institutions

Unfair differences in treatment of migrant doctors across time