Table 2 Mapping priority areas of CHW program harmonization to analytic framework

Health issue

Coordination between HIV and other health priorities; availability of a standardized community healthcare package

Variability in health priorities between national and sub-national levels

Easily identifiable health issues; broadness of focus and training of CHWs; reach of coverage of services

Intervention

Existence of cadres with specialized skills (which may be more complex to manage and evaluate); existence of parallel training and support structures for CHWs

Equivalence between differently trained CHWs; CHW hiring procedures; level of workload and supervision of CHWs; existence of standardized incentives; level of professionalization

Level of workload and supervision of CHWs; local modifiability; existence of standardized incentives; community participation and involvement of local decision-makers; CHW demographics; gender bias

Stakeholders

Number of stakeholders; awareness of need for coordination; existence of similar funding timelines, forums (such as working groups) and reports; result-oriented programming and reporting; “NGO challenge”

Perceived effectiveness of program; involvement of multiple public or private actors; position and power of health professionals; pace of CHW scale-up; dependence on external actors

Strength of leadership; level of commitment to coordination and integration; dependence on external actors; perceived effectiveness of the intervention; level of community buy-in

Health system

Existence of a single organizational structure dedicated to community health initiatives; level of decentralization; training of health workers; coordination with health facilities

Formal recognition of CHW programs by government; parallel supply chains; standardized training, supervision and monitoring of CHWs; public or private capacity; existence of a common funding pool

Public or private resources; existence of CHW training refreshers; attrition among young CHWs; coordination and integration of CHW programs; “NGO challenge”; predictability of funding

Broad context

Level of political support among all stakeholders and across government levels (or large private providers) for CHW-led services

Level of CHW program compatibility with local (community) structures; socioeconomic context and cultural values; political support for CHWs; community perception

Level of alignment with community norms and needs; level of political support and economic growth; level of support from external actors