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Table 1 Basic characteristics of each CHW program included in this study as of June 2015

From: Improving the performance of community health workers in Swaziland: findings from a qualitative study

 

RHM

Expert clients

M2M mentors

Community counselors

Program start yeara

1976

2011

2008

Uncertaind

Implementing organization

Government of Swaziland

Government of Swaziland

Mothers-to-mothers

Population Services International

No. of CHWs

5 230

15

15

43

Peer-to-peer CHWs?

No

Yes

Yes

No

CHW eligibility criteria

Noneb

• Living with HIV

• Good adherence to ART

• At least partially disclosed HIV status to community

• Basic literacy and numeracy skills

• Stable health status

• Completed PMTCT

• Basic literacy and numeracy skills

• Stable health status

• Completed high school

Target group

Any community member

Mainly HIV-infected individuals

Pregnant women and new mothers

Any community member

Responsibilities

• Health education

• Referral of sick clients from the community to an appropriate healthcare facility

• Attend to home-based deliveries

• Provide first aid and treat minor illnesses

• Tracking HIV and TB patients who have missed a clinical appointment

• Educating and motivating ART patients to be adherent to treatment

• Motivate and educate the general population about the importance of HIV and TB testing

• Tracking women/infants who have missed a PMTCT appointment

• Educating and motivating PMTCT patients to be adherent to treatment

• Counsel HIV-negative pregnant women and new mothers about staying HIV-negative

• Offer HIV testing and counseling

• Promote male medical circumcision

Monthly remuneration

SZL350 (PPP$c 875)

SZL1 650 (PPP$c 4 125)

SZL1 500 (PPP$c 3 750)

SZL7 000 (PPP$c 17 500)

  1. Abbreviations: RHM rural health motivators; M2M mothers-to-mothers; No. number; HIV human immunodeficiency virus; TB tuberculosis; ART antiretroviral therapy; PMTCT prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission; SZL Swazi Lilangeni; PPP$ purchasing power parity adjusted dollar
  2. aThis is the year in which the program started in Swaziland
  3. bRHMs are selected by the traditional community leadership structures, usually during a community meeting
  4. cThese are 2014 United States dollar adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP) using the ratio of the 2014 PPP conversion factor to the market exchange rate [67]
  5. dThe program manager was not certain when the program had started in Swaziland