Table 8 Overall rating of behaviours in the professional and personal cluster
From: A survey of pharmacists’ perception of foundation level competencies in African countries
Professional and personal competencies (n = 305) | Not relevant | Low relevance | Relevant | Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count | Row (N%) | Count | Row (N%) | Count | Row (N%) | ||
Communication skills | |||||||
B62. CS | Communicate clearly, precisely and appropriately while being a mentor or tutor | 4 | 1.3 | 6 | 2 | 295 | 96.7 | 1 |
B63. CS | Communicate effectively with health and social care staff, support staff, patients, carer, family relatives and clients/customers, using lay terms and checking understanding | 4 | 1.3 | 9 | 3 | 292 | 95.7 | 1 |
B64. CS | Demonstrate cultural awareness and sensitivity | 6 | 2.0 | 17 | 5.6 | 282 | 92.5 | 1 |
B65. CS | Tailor communications to patient needs | 5 | 1.6 | 15 | 4.9 | 285 | 93.4 | 1 |
B66. CS | Use appropriate communication skills to build, report and engage with patients, health and social care staff and voluntary services (e.g. verbal and non-verbal) | 3 | < 0.1 | 10 | 3.3 | 292 | 95.7 | 1 |
Continuing professional development (CPD) | |||||||
B67. CPD | Document CPD activities | 10 | 3.3 | 36 | 11.8 | 259 | 84.9 | 1 |
B68. CPD | Engage with students/interns/residents | 12 | 3.9 | 28 | 9.2 | 265 | 86.9 | 1 |
B69. CPD | Evaluate currency of knowledge and skills | 8 | 2.6 | 25 | 8.2 | 272 | 89.2 | 1 |
B70. CPD | Evaluate learning | 8 | 2.6 | 25 | 8.2 | 272 | 89.2 | 1 |
B71. CPD | Identify if expertise needed outside the scope of knowledge | 9 | 3.0 | 31 | 10.2 | 265 | 86.9 | 1 |
B72. CPD | Identify learning needs | 7 | 2.3 | 28 | 9.2 | 270 | 88.5 | 1 |
B73. CPD | Recognise own limitations and act upon them | 5 | 1.6 | 20 | 6.6 | 280 | 91.8 | 1 |
B74. CPD | Reflect on performance | 4 | 1.3 | 14 | 4.6 | 287 | 94.1 | 1 |
Legal and regulatory practice | |||||||
B75. LRP | Apply and understands regulatory affairs and the key aspects of pharmaceutical registration and legislation | 7 | 2.3 | 23 | 7.5 | 275 | 90.2 | 1 |
B76. LRP | Apply knowledge in relation to the principals of business economics and intellectual property rights including the basics of patent interpretation | 16 | 5.2 | 54 | 17.7 | 235 | 77.1 | 1 |
B77. LRP | Be aware of and identify the new medicines coming to the market | 4 | 1.3 | 25 | 8.2 | 276 | 90.5 | 1 |
B78. LRP | Comply with legislation for drugs with the potential for abuse | 5 | 1.6 | 11 | 3.6 | 289 | 94.8 | 1 |
B79. LRP | Demonstrate knowledge in Marketing and Sale | 24 | 7.9 | 75 | 24.6 | 206 | 67.5 | 1 |
B80. LRP | Engage with health and medicines policies | 3 | < 0.1 | 31 | 10.2 | 271 | 88.9 | 1 |
B81. LRP | Understand the steps needed to bring a medicinal product to the market including the safety, quality, efficacy and pharmacoeconomic assessments of the product | 18 | 5.9 | 41 | 13.4 | 246 | 80.7 | 1 |
Professional and ethical practice | |||||||
B82. PEP | Demonstrate awareness of local/national codes of ethics | 5 | 1.6 | 14 | 4.6 | 286 | 93.8 | 1 |
B83. PEP | Ensure confidentiality (with the patient and other healthcare professionals) | 4 | 1.3 | 10 | 3.3 | 291 | 95.4 | 1 |
B84. PEP | Obtain patient consent (it can be implicit in occasions) | 10 | 3.3 | 21 | 6.9 | 274 | 89.8 | 1 |
B85. PEP | Recognise own limitations | 5 | 1.6 | 14 | 4.6 | 286 | 93.8 | 1 |
B86. PEP | Take responsibility for own action and for patient care | 5 | 1.6 | 11 | 3.6 | 289 | 94.8 | 1 |
Quality assurance and research in the work place | |||||||
B87. QARWP | Apply research findings and understand the benefit risk (e.g. pre-clinical, clinical trials, experimental clinical-pharmacological research and risk management) | 34 | 11.1 | 48 | 15.7 | 223 | 73.1 | 2 |
B88. QARWP | Audit quality of service (ensure that they meet local and national standards and specifications) | 26 | 8.5 | 34 | 11.1 | 245 | 80.3 | 1 |
B89. QARWP | Developed and implement Standing Operating Procedures (SOP’s) | 17 | 5.6 | 17 | 5.6 | 271 | 88.9 | 1 |
B90. QARWP | Ensure appropriate quality control tests are performed and managed appropriately | 39 | 12.8 | 54 | 17.7 | 212 | 69.5 | 2 |
B91. QARWP | Ensure medicines are not counterfeit and quality standards | 16 | 5.2 | 24 | 7.9 | 265 | 86.9 | 1 |
B92. QARWP | Identify and evaluate evidence-base to improve the use of medicines and services | 16 | 5.2 | 32 | 10.5 | 257 | 84.3 | 1 |
B93. QARWP | Identify, investigate, conduct, supervise and support research at the workplace (enquiry-driven practice) | 29 | 9.5 | 48 | 15.7 | 228 | 74.8 | 1 |
B94. QARWP | Implement, conduct and maintain a report system of pharmacovigilance (e.g. report adverse drug reactions) | 17 | 5.9 | 18 | 5.6 | 270 | 88.5 | 1 |
B95. QARWP | Initiate and implement audit and research activities | 33 | 10.8 | 52 | 17.5 | 220 | 72.1 | 2 |
Self-management | |||||||
B96. SM | Apply assertiveness skills (inspire confidence) | 5 | 1.6 | 9 | 3 | 291 | 95.4 | 1 |
B97. SM | Demonstrate leadership and practice management skills, initiative and efficiency | 4 | 1.3 | 12 | 3.9 | 289 | 94.8 | 1 |
B98. SM | Document risk management (e.g. critical incidents) | 14 | 4.6 | 28 | 9.2 | 263 | 86.2 | 1 |
B99. SM | Ensure punctuality | 1 | < 0.1 | 10 | 3.3 | 294 | 96.4 | 1 |
B100. SM | Prioritise work and implement innovative ideas | 4 | 1.3 | 12 | 3.9 | 289 | 94.8 | 1 |