Table 1 Study locations and reasons for selection

Kaduna State

Igabi

• Located in the northern part of Kaduna

• It is mainly urban.

• Therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis and lymphatic is higher than the state average

• Sociocultural tribe—mainly Hausa

• Therapeutic coverage for schistosomiasis is much lower than state average

• Therapeutic coverage for STHs is higher than state average

Ikara

• Located in the northern part of Kaduna.

• It is mainly rural

• Sociocultural tribe—Hausa Fulani

• Therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis and lymphatic is higher than the state average

• Therapeutic coverage for STHs is higher than the state average

• Therapeutic coverage for schistosomiasis is much lower than state average

Kachia

• Located in the southern part of Kaduna.

• It is mainly urban.

• Has other socio-cultural groups.

• Therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis and lymphatic is higher than the state average

• Therapeutic coverage for schistosomiasis and STHs is much lower than state average

• Sociocultural tribe—Adara, Gbagi and Ham

Jema’a (solution finding only)

• Located in Southern Kaduna

• It is an urban.

• Shares a border with two other states.

• The therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis is generally higher than the state average.

• Therapeutic coverage for schistosomiasis and STHs is much lower than state average.

• Sociocultural tribe—Fantswam and Hausa Fulani

Kagarko (solution finding only)

• Located in Eastern Kaduna

• It is largely rural.

• Shares a border with two other states.

• The therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis slightly higher than the state average.

• Therapeutic coverage for schistosomiasis is high due to the treatment of adult populations and internally displaced people.

• Treatment for STHs did not take place during the 2016 annual treatment round

Sociocultural tribe—Koro and Gbagi

Kabau (solution finding only)

• Located in Northern Kaduna

• It is largely urban.

• The therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis higher than the state average.

• Therapeutic coverage for schistosomiasis and STHs lower than state averages.

• Sociocultural tribe—Hausa and Fulani

Ogun State

Yewa North

• Located in western Ogun.

• It is a rural LGA

• Shares a border with Republic of Benin.

• An ethnic socio-cultural tribe (Yewa tribe).

• The therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis is generally higher than the state average.

• Therapeutic coverage for schistosomiasis and STHs lower than state averages.

Ijebu East

• Located in eastern Ogun, mainly rural.

• Shares a border with two states.

• Home to the Ijebu tribe.

• The therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis is higher than the state average.

• Lower for lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis and STHs.

Abeokuta North

• Located in the central Ogun, a mix of rural and urban LGA.

• Mainly Egba tribes with some migrant population (Fulani herd’s men).

• Therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis and schistosomiasis is generally higher than the state average.

• STHs have a lower coverage than state average.

Remo North (solution finding only)

• Located in the eastern part of the state, rural.

• Borders another state.

• Home of the Remo tribe.

• The therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis is higher than the state average.

• Lower for lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis and STHs.

Imeko Afon (solution finding only)

• Located in the western part of the state.

• Borders the Republic of Benin.

• It is a rural area.

• Home of the Yewa tribe.

• The therapeutic coverage for onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis and STHs is lower than state average.

Ijebu Ode (solution finding only)

• Located in the eastern part of the state.

• It is an urban area.

• Home of the Ijebu tribe.

• The therapeutic coverage for lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis and STHs is lower than the state average.