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Table 3 Effects on practice location and medical facility choice

From: How is increased selectivity of medical school admissions associated with physicians’ career choice? A Japanese experience

 

Municipality-level choice

Facility-level choice

Ln population

Income

Elderly

Child

7:1

DPC

Clinic

Primary care

Density

 

Share

Share

  

Owner

Facilities

OLS

OLS

OLS

OLS

LOGIT

LOGIT

LOGIT

LOGIT

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(7)

Panel A. Full sample

 D1 [55 < Rank ≤ 60]

1.035 7

1.006 8

0.998 7*

1.000 1

1.519 9***

1.353 9***

0.840 9***

0.813 1**

 

[0.975 7–1.099 4]

[0.966 4–1.048 9]

[0.997 2–1.000 1]

[0.999 4–1.000 7]

[1.388 4–1.663 9]

[1.232 2–1.487 6]

[0.780 1–0.906 4]

[0.681 4–0.970 3]

 D2 [60 < Rank ≤ 65]

1.043 3

0.997 6

0.998 7

1.000 5

1.668 0***

1.470 9***

0.778 0***

0.724 6***

 

[0.968 6–1.123 8]

[0.953 4–1.043 7]

[0.996 5–1.000 9]

[0.999 6–1.001 3]

[1.491 0–1.866 1]

[1.296 8–1.668 4]

[0.690 0–0.877 1]

[0.587 6–0.893 5]

 D3 [65 ≥ Rank]

1.072 8

0.990 5

0.998 6

1.000 4

1.665 2***

1.473 2***

0.789 8***

0.602 6***

 

[0.983 9–1.169 7]

[0.938 5–1.045 3]

[0.995 7–1.001 4]

[0.999 4–1.001 5]

[1.444 0–1.920 4]

[1.241 8–1.747 6]

[0.670 2–0.930 8]

[0.441 2–0.823 0]

 Obs.

122 990

122 990

122 990

122 990

122 990

122 990

122 693

122 375

 Mean of dep.

7.51

3.46

0.25

0.12

0.41

0.59

0.22

0.04

Panel B. Male physician

 D1 [55 < Rank ≤ 60]

0.028 7

0.000 6

− 0.001 5*

0.000 2

1.600 5***

1.411 6***

0.812 0***

0.869 4

 

[− 0.040 4 to 0.097 7]

[− 0.044 4 to 0.045 6]

[− 0.003 2 to 0.000 2]

[− 0.000 4 to 0.000 9]

[1.444 8–1.772 9]

[1.267 4–1.572 1]

[0.752 0–0.876 7]

[0.709 2–1.065 7]

 D2 [60 < Rank ≤ 65]

0.024 2

− 0.022 4

− 0.000 9

0.000 5

1.729 6***

1.529 1***

0.755 3***

0.819 3

 

[− 0.056 3 to 0.104 7]

[− 0.070 2 to 0.025 4]

[− 0.003 3 to 0.001 5]

[− 0.000 4 to 0.001 5]

[1.537 9–1.945 2]

[1.328 1–1.760 5]

[0.668 0–0.853 9]

[0.625 1–1.073 8]

 D3 [65 ≥ Rank]

0.041 7

− 0.038 5

− 0.001 1

0.000 6

1.715 6***

1.544 7***

0.752 7***

0.669 1*

 

[− 0.051 0 to 0.134 4]

[− 0.096 5 to 0.019 6]

[− 0.004 1 to 0.001 8]

[− 0.000 6 to 0.001 8]

[1.481 1–1.987 3]

[1.274 3–1.872 3]

[0.635 1–0.892 0]

[0.443 6–1.009 2]

 Obs.

94 849

94 849

94 849

94 849

94 849

94 849

94 849

94 849

 Mean of dep.

7.44

3.41

0.26

0.12

0.42

0.60

0.24

0.04

Panel C. Female physician

 D1 [55 < Rank ≤ 60]

0.066 4

0.014 6

− 0.001 1

− 0.000 4

1.266 3***

1.156 8**

0.975

0.736 5**

 

[− 0.016 5 to 0.149 2]

[− 0.043 7 to 0.072 9]

[− 0.003 1 to 0.001 0]

[− 0.001 5 to 0.000 8]

[1.123 2–1.427 7]

[1.020 3–1.311 6]

[0.825 3–1.151 8]

[0.570 1–0.951 5]

 D2 [60 < Rank ≤ 65]

0.104 9**

0.051 7

− 0.002 6*

0.000 4

1.464 0***

1.278 8***

0.864

0.569 2***

 

[0.000 6–0.209 2]

[− 0.025 7 to 0.129 1]

[− 0.005 5 to 0.000 3]

[− 0.000 9 to 0.001 8]

[1.246 8–1.719 0]

[1.101 2–1.4850]

[0.685 5–1.088 9]

[0.387 5–0.836 1]

 D3 [65 ≥ Rank]

0.173 6**

0.080 6

− 0.002 7

0.000 2

1.484 3***

1.256 5**

0.965 3

0.477 0**

 

[0.030 9–0.316 3]

[− 0.022 1 to 0.183 4]

[− 0.006 8 to 0.001 5]

[− 0.001 4 to 0.001 8]

[1.205 0–1.828 3]

[1.016 2–1.553 7]

[0.700 3–1.330 6]

[0.254 5–0.894 0]

 Obs.

28 141

28 141

28 141

28 141

28 141

28 097

28 077

28 015

 Mean of dep.

7.75

3.61

0.25

0.12

0.37

0.54

0.14

0.05

  1. Note: In all equations, the polynomial function of physician’s age, gender, and fixed effects of medical school attended are controlled for. Standard errors are clustered at the level of medical school attended. Abbreviations: 7:1 hospital with a 7:1 basic reimbursement rate, DPC hospital that adopts a diagnosis procedure combination/per-diem payment system. “Obs” represents the number of observations, “Mean of dep.” represents the mean of dependent variables “OLS” represents ordinary least square and “LOGIT” is logistic regression Coefficient and odds ratio are reported in OLS and LOGIT model, respectively. 95% confidence interval is in parentheses. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, and *p < 0.1, respectively