Table 3 Multilevel linear regression results of the interrelation between country characteristics and GP job satisfaction (all GP- and practice-level variables included)

y = job satisfaction

 Fixed coefficients

 Constant

2.212 (.067)***

2.209 (.395)***

2.210 (.092)***

2.213 (.069)***

2.307 (.093)***

Level: country

 GDP per capita

.000 (.000)***

.000 (.000)***

.000 (.000)***

.000 (.000)***

.000 (.000)**

 Strength of primary care

.001 (.173)

Out-of-hours model (ref = small family doctor based)

 Large family doctor based

-.007 (.075)

 Hospital- and national based

.002 (.068)

Relative income position (ref = low)

 Medium

.001 (.081)

 High

− .009 (.068)

Patient list system (ref = no patient list system)

− .091 (.062)

Random coefficients

 Level: country variance

.022***

.022***

.022***

.022***

.020***

 Level: practice variance

.077***

.077***

.077***

.077***

.077***

 N: country

34

34

34

34

34

 N: practice

7379

7379

7379

7379

7379

 ICC

.221

.221

.221

.221

.211

 − 2*log-likelihood

2125.25

2125.25

2125.23

2125.23

2123.18

 Change in -2LL (df)

M5: − 14.14 (1)***

M6: − 0.00 (1)

M6: − 0.02 (2)

M6: − 0.02 (2)

M6: − 2.07 (1)***