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Table 2 Frequency of observed and personally experienced discrimination and characteristics associated with the discrimination event

From: Observed and personally experienced discrimination: findings of a cross-sectional survey of physicians and nursing staff

Characteristics of discrimination

Dependent variables

Witness to discrimination

n (%a)

Target of discrimination

n (%a)

Target of discrimination

 Colleague

257 (84.3)

–

 Patient

211 (69.2)

–

 Superior

21 (6.9)

–

 Other

5 (1.6)

–

Reason for discrimination

 Ethnicity

196 (64.3)

28 (25.9)

 Appearance

175 (57.4)

27 (25.0)

 Language

145 (47.5)

11 (10.2)

 Religion

125 (41.0)

15 (13.9)

 Gender

109 (35.7)

62 (57.4)

 Age

35 (11.5)

24 (22.2)

 Other

23 (7.5)

20 (18.5)

Source of discrimination

 Patient

248 (81.3)

73 (67.6)

 Colleague

169 (55.4)

39 (36.1)

 Superior

62 (20.3)

36 (33.3)

 Other

16 (5.2)

3 (2.8)

  1. aProportion of answers in which discrimination was reported (n = 305 for observed discrimination, n = 108 for personally experienced discrimination)