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Table 1 Drivers and barriers to the migration of doctors to and from the UK

From: Drivers and barriers of international migration of doctors to and from the United Kingdom: a scoping review

Macro-level drivers

DRIVERS TO THE UK

DRIVERS FROM THE UK

1.5* Employment opportunities [20, 25,26,27,28,29,30]

1.16* Poor working conditions [31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38]

1.1 Active recruitment [20, 29, 39,40,41,42,43]

1.6 Attractive working conditions elsewhere [32, 34,35,36,37,38, 44, 46]

1.16 Poor working conditions [20, 37, 39, 42, 46, 47]

1.5 Employment opportunities [32, 34, 37, 44]

Meso-level drivers

 2.1 Better training and development opportunities [20, 26, 27, 29, 39, 42, 46, 48,49,50,51,52]

2.14 Pushed/desire to leave the NHS [31, 33, 34, 36, 38, 44]

 2.10 Desire to experience working in a different environment [20, 39, 42, 46, 48, 50]

2.1 Better training and development opportunities [32, 36, 38, 53]

 2.19 Opportunities to gain clinical experience through short-term employment [20, 39, 42, 46, 48, 50]

2.17 Undervalued professionally [32, 35, 54]

Micro-level drivers

 3.17 Financial gain for self (and/or family) [20, 26, 27, 37, 39, 42, 47, 48, 51, 55,56,57]

3.1 Better quality of life [32,33,34,35,36, 38, 44]

 3.2: Desire for life change [20, 37, 39, 42, 46, 50]

3.4 Family reasons [33,34,35, 37, 46]

 3.1: Better quality of life [39, 42, 46, 48, 51]

3.2 Desire for a life change [32,33,34, 36,37,38, 46]

  1. *The numbers correspond to the codes in the coding framework in Appendix C