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  1. Despite impressive decreases in under-five mortality, progress in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality in Tanzania has been slow. We present an evaluation of a cadre of maternal, newborn, and child health ...

    Authors: Amnesty E. LeFevre, Rose Mpembeni, Dereck Chitama, Asha S. George, Diwakar Mohan, David P Urassa, Shivam Gupta, Isabelle Feldhaus, Audrey Pereira, Charles Kilewo, Joy J Chebet, Chelsea M Cooper, Giulia Besana, Harriet Lutale, Dunstan Bishanga, Emmanuel Mtete…
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:98
  2. Despite considerable evidence showing the importance of the nursing and midwifery workforce, there are no systematic reviews outlining how these cadres are best supported to provide universal access and reduce...

    Authors: A. J. Dawson, A. M. Nkowane and A. Whelan
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:97
  3. Globally, there is increasing interest in community health worker’s (CHW) performance; however, there are gaps in the evidence with respect to CHWs’ role in community participation and empowerment. Accredited ...

    Authors: Lipekho Saprii, Esther Richards, Puni Kokho and Sally Theobald
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:95
  4. The aim of this study was to identify whether policies in different stages of medical system reform had been effective in decreasing inequalities and increasing the density of health workers in rural areas in ...

    Authors: Kaiyuan Zhou, Xinyi Zhang, Yi Ding, Duolao Wang, Zhou Lu and Min Yu
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:94
  5. China, India, Brazil and South Africa contain 40% of the global population and are key emerging economies. All these countries have a policy commitment to universal health coverage with an emphasis on primary ...

    Authors: Robert Mash, Magda Almeida, William C. W. Wong, Raman Kumar and Klaus B. von Pressentin
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:93
  6. This paper arises from a four-country study that sought to better understand the drivers of skilled health worker migration, its consequences, and the strategies countries have employed to mitigate negative im...

    Authors: Ronald Labonté, David Sanders, Thubelihle Mathole, Jonathan Crush, Abel Chikanda, Yoswa Dambisya, Vivien Runnels, Corinne Packer, Adrian MacKenzie, Gail Tomblin Murphy and Ivy Lynn Bourgeault
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:92
  7. Motivation is an important driver for health professionals to maintain their professional competencies, continue in the workforce and make a positive contribution to their workplace. While there is some resear...

    Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoai Thu, Andrew Wilson and Fiona McDonald
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:91
  8. Deployment of health workforce in rural areas is critical to reach universal health coverage. Students’ perceptions towards practice in rural areas likely influence their later choice of a rural post. We aimed...

    Authors: Luis Huicho, Cristina Molina, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Claudia Lema, J. Jaime Miranda, Carlos A. Huayanay-Espinoza and Andrés G. Lescano
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:90
  9. Due to a limited health workforce, many health care providers in Africa must take on health leadership roles with minimal formal training in leadership. Hence, the need to equip health care providers with prac...

    Authors: Damalie Nakanjako, Elizabeth Namagala, Aggrey Semeere, Joanitor Kigozi, Joseph Sempa, John Bosco Ddamulira, Achilles Katamba, Sam Biraro, Sarah Naikoba, Yohana Mashalla, Carey Farquhar and Nelson Sewankambo
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:87
  10. Singapore’s population, as that of many other countries, is aging; this is likely to lead to an increase in eye diseases and the demand for eye care. Since ophthalmologist training is long and expensive, early...

    Authors: John P. Ansah, Dirk De Korne, Steffen Bayer, Chong Pan, Thiyagarajan Jayabaskar, David B. Matchar, Nicola Lew, Andrew Phua, Victoria Koh, Ecosse Lamoureux and Desmond Quek
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:86
  11. Regional differences in physician supply can be found in many health care systems, regardless of their organizational and financial structure. A theoretical model is developed for the physicians’ decision on o...

    Authors: Stefan Scholz, Johann-Matthias Graf von der Schulenburg and Wolfgang Greiner
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:85
  12. Nepal is experiencing a public health issue similar to the rest of the world, i.e., the geographical maldistribution of physicians. Although there is some documentation about the reasons physicians elect to le...

    Authors: Bhim Prasad Sapkota and Archana Amatya
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:84
  13. Appropriate deployment or posting and transfer (P&T) of health workers – placing the right people in the right positions at the right time – lies at the heart of fostering communities’ faith in government health ...

    Authors: Kabir Sheikh, Lynn Freedman, Abdul Ghaffar, Bruno Marchal, Fadi el-Jardali, Jim McCaffery, Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan, Mario Dal Poz, Walter Flores, Surekha Garimella and Marta Schaaf
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:82
  14. A strong health system requires a competent and caring workforce. A more satisfied and motivated health workforce should be more willing to serve in difficult areas, have lower turnover, and theoretically prov...

    Authors: Emma Sacks, Soumya Alva, Sophia Magalona and Linda Vesel
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:81
  15. Health extension workers (HEWs) in Ethiopia have a unique position, connecting communities to the health sector. This intermediary position requires strong interpersonal relationships with actors in both the c...

    Authors: Maryse C. Kok, Aschenaki Z. Kea, Daniel G. Datiko, Jacqueline E.W. Broerse, Marjolein Dieleman, Miriam Taegtmeyer and Olivia Tulloch
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:80
  16. In primary care dentistry, strategies to reconfigure the traditional boundaries of various dental professional groups by task sharing and role substitution have been encouraged in order to meet changing oral h...

    Authors: Kristina L. Wanyonyi, David R. Radford, Paul R. Harper and Jennifer E. Gallagher
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:78
  17. In many developing countries, health workforce crisis is one of the predominant challenges affecting the health care systems’ function of providing quality services, including maternal care. The challenge is r...

    Authors: Dickson Ally Mkoka, Gladys Reuben Mahiti, Angwara Kiwara, Mughwira Mwangu, Isabel Goicolea and Anna-Karin Hurtig
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:77
  18. The World Health Organization defines a “critical shortage” of health workers as being fewer than 2.28 health workers per 1000 population and failing to attain 80% coverage for deliveries by skilled birth atte...

    Authors: Merlin L Willcox, Wim Peersman, Pierre Daou, Chiaka Diakité, Francis Bajunirwe, Vincent Mubangizi, Eman Hassan Mahmoud, Shabir Moosa, Nthabiseng Phaladze, Oathokwa Nkomazana, Mustafa Khogali, Drissa Diallo, Jan De Maeseneer and David Mant
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:76
  19. At 44%, New Zealand has the highest proportion of international medical graduates (IMGs) in its workforce amongst OECD member countries. Around half of New Zealand’s IMGs come from the UK NHS, yet only around ...

    Authors: Robin Gauld and Simon Horsburgh
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:75
  20. Community health worker (CHW) programmes have received much attention since the 1978 Declaration of Alma-Ata, with many initiatives established in developing countries. However, CHW programmes often suffer hig...

    Authors: Emmanueil Benon Turinawe, Jude T. Rwemisisi, Laban K. Musinguzi, Marije de Groot, Denis Muhangi, Daniel H. de Vries, David K. Mafigiri and Robert Pool
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:73
  21. A high burden of HIV in many sub-Saharan African countries has triggered renewed interest in volunteer-based community health programmes as a way to support treatment roll-out and to deliver services to childr...

    Authors: Stephanie M Topp, Jessica E Price, Tina Nanyangwe-Moyo, Drosin M Mulenga, Mardieh L Dennis and Mathew M Ngunga
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:72
  22. This study sought to synthesize and critically review evidence on costs and cost-effectiveness of community health worker (CHW) programmes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to inform policy dialogue ...

    Authors: Kelsey Vaughan, Maryse C Kok, Sophie Witter and Marjolein Dieleman
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:71
  23. Community health workers (CHWs) in Mozambique (known as Agentes Polivalentes Elementares (APEs)) are key actors in providing health services in rural communities. Supervision of CHWs has been shown to improve ...

    Authors: Sozinho Daniel Ndima, Mohsin Sidat, Celso Give, Hermen Ormel, Maryse Catelijne Kok and Miriam Taegtmeyer
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:63
  24. In this commentary, we discuss a photography competition, launched during the summer of 2014, to explore the everyday stories of how gender plays out within health systems around the world. While no submission...

    Authors: Asha George, Sally Theobald, Rosemary Morgan, Kate Hawkins and Sassy Molyneux
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:57
  25. Mozambique launched its revitalized community health programme in 2010 in response to inequitable coverage and quality of health services. The programme is focused on health promotion and disease prevention, w...

    Authors: Celso Soares Give, Mohsin Sidat, Hermen Ormel, Sozinho Ndima, Rosalind McCollum and Miriam Taegtmeyer
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:54
  26. A range of formal and informal close-to-community (CTC) health service providers operate in an increasingly urbanized Bangladesh. Informal CTC health service providers play a key role in Bangladesh’s pluralist...

    Authors: Ilias Mahmud, Sadia Chowdhury, Bulbul Ashraf Siddiqi, Sally Theobald, Hermen Ormel, Salauddin Biswas, Yamin Tauseef Jahangir, Malabika Sarker and Sabina Faiz Rashid
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:51
  27. There is robust evidence that community health workers (CHWs) in low- and middle-income (LMIC) countries can improve their clients’ health and well-being. The evidence on proven strategies to enhance and susta...

    Authors: Joseph F. Naimoli, Henry B. Perry, John W. Townsend, Diana E. Frymus and James A. McCaffery
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:46
  28. Like any other health worker, community health workers (CHWs) need to be supported to ensure that they are able to contribute effectively to health programmes. Management challenges, similar to those of managi...

    Authors: Joanna Raven, Patricia Akweongo, Amuda Baba, Sebastian Olikira Baine, Mohamadou Guelaye Sall, Stephen Buzuzi and Tim Martineau
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:45
  29. Uganda’s health workforce is characterized by shortages and inequitable distribution of qualified health workers. To ascertain staffing levels, Uganda uses fixed government-approved norms determined by facilit...

    Authors: Grace Namaganda, Vincent Oketcho, Everd Maniple and Claire Viadro
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:89
  30. Health sector employment is a prerequisite for availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality (AAAQ) of health services. Thus, in this article health worker shortages are used as a tracer indicator est...

    Authors: Xenia Scheil-Adlung, Thorsten Behrendt and Lorraine Wong
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:66
  31. To address the need for timely and comprehensive human resources for health (HRH) information, governments and organizations have been actively investing in electronic health information interventions, includi...

    Authors: Julia Driessen, Dykki Settle, David Potenziani, Kate Tulenko, Twaha Kabocho and Ismail Wadembere
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:49
  32. Medical care systems in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures were greatly damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), which struck on 11 March 2011. The shortage of nurses in this area was concerning...

    Authors: Noriko Morioka, Jun Tomio, Toshikazu Seto and Yasuki Kobayashi
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:70
  33. Shortage of a competent public health workforce is as a worldwide problem. The situation is especially bad in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2008, the World Health Organization and the Global Health Workforce Alliance...

    Authors: Philippe Chastonay, Véronique Zesiger, Roberto Moretti, Marco Cremaschini, Rebecca Bailey, Erika Wheeler, Thomas Mattig, Djona Atchenemou Avocksouma and Emmanuel Kabengele Mpinga
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:68
  34. Healthcare information technology (HIT) applications are being ubiquitously adopted globally and have been indicated to have effects on certain dimensions of recruitment and retention of healthcare professiona...

    Authors: Indrajit Bhattacharya and Anandhi Ramachandran
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:65
  35. Women represent an increasingly growing share of the medical workforce in high-income countries, with abundant research focusing on reasons and implications of the phenomenon. Little evidence is available from...

    Authors: Giuliano Russo, Luzia Gonçalves, Isabel Craveiro and Gilles Dussault
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:64
  36. Human resources for health represent an essential component of health systems and play a key role to accelerate progress towards universal health coverage. Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa face challenges ...

    Authors: Maria Paola Bertone and Sophie Witter
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:62
  37. Current literature systematically reports that interventions to attract and retain health workers in underserved areas need to be context specific but rarely defines what that means. In this systematic review,...

    Authors: Xiaoyun Liu, Lixia Dou, Huan Zhang, Yang Sun and Beibei Yuan
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:61
  38. Eighty per cent of Malawi’s 8 million children live in rural areas, and there is an extensive tiered health system infrastructure from village health clinics to district hospitals which refers patients to one ...

    Authors: Bernadette O’Hare, Ajib Phiri, Hans-Joerg Lang, Hanny Friesen, Neil Kennedy, Kondwani Kawaza, Collins E. Jana, George Chirambo, Wakisa Mulwafu, Geert T. Heikens and Mwapatsa Mipando
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:60
  39. Shortage and maldistribution of the health workforce is a major problem in the Thai health system. The expansion of healthcare access to achieve universal health coverage placed additional demand on the health...

    Authors: Wilailuk Ruangratanatrai, Somrat Lertmaharit and Piya Hanvoravongchai
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:59
  40. Community health workers (CHWs) have been proposed as a means for bridging gaps in healthcare delivery in rural communities. Recent CHW programmes have been shown to improve child and neonatal health outcomes,...

    Authors: Debra Singh, Joel Negin, Michael Otim, Christopher Garimoi Orach and Robert Cumming
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:58
  41. Whilst there have been several studies exploring retention in health workers, little is known about health workers engaged in the provision of mental health services and the factors that affect their recruitme...

    Authors: Vincent I.O. Agyapong, Akwasi Osei, Conor K. Farren and Eilish McAuliffe
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:56
  42. Physician–nurse task shifting in primary care appeals greatly to health policymakers. It promises to address workforce shortages and demands of high-quality, affordable care in the healthcare systems of many c...

    Authors: Nahara A. Martínez-González, Ryan Tandjung, Sima Djalali and Thomas Rosemann
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:55
  43. The uneven distribution of allied health professionals (AHPs) in rural and remote Australia and other countries is well documented. In Australia, like elsewhere, service delivery to rural and remote communitie...

    Authors: Gisselle Gallego, Angela Dew, Michelle Lincoln, Anita Bundy, Rebecca Jean Chedid, Kim Bulkeley, Jennie Brentnall and Craig Veitch
    Citation: Human Resources for Health 2015 13:53