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Table 7 Specialty group differences for emotional exhaustion (EE)

From: Correlates of physician burnout across regions and specialties: a meta-analysis

 

Inpatient

Outpatient

Correlates

k

n

ρ c

k

n

ρ c

Z-dif

Work engagement drivers

  

Autonomy

2

843

−0.57

1

50

−0.79

2.79a

Work engagement constraints

       

Organization structures

3

654

0.32

1

294

0.72

8.27b

Inadequate resources

2

592

0.38

3

431

0.33

0.96

Insufficient input

1

29

0.44

3

408

0.35

0.54

Workload

9

4,366

0.72

5

558

0.65

2.82a

Position-specific demands

4

2,519

0.38

4

591

0.42

1.00

Work attitudes drivers

5

2,854

−0.44

5

2,236

−0.29

5.94b

Work attitudes constraints

6

2,711

0.44

5

1,346

0.44

0.06

Health and safety drivers

       

Professional development

3

1,112

−0.31

1

145

−0.34

0.35

Health and safety constraints

       

Incivility/conflicts/violence

2

1,007

0.36

5

809

0.48

3.02a

Lack of quality and safety

8

4,518

0.41

5

839

0.50

3.00a

Work-life/home conflict

6

2,055

0.49

3

471

0.52

0.94

Contributors to poor mental health

10

3,498

0.56

5

791

0.77

9.86b

Adaptive coping

       

Social support

3

1,190

−0.18

1

133

−0.17

1.18

Problem-focused

5

1,543

−0.29

1

133

−0.48

2.51a

Ineffective coping

4

1,469

0.32

2

217

0.47

1.80

  1. k, number of samples; n, sample size across k; ρ c, weighted mean meta-correlation after correcting for measurement unreliability; Z-dif, tests whether ρ c’s are significantly different from each other. Bold values indicate the stronger of the two ρ c’s for the correlate. a P <0.05; b P <0.001, two-tailed.