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Table 4 Risk factors associated with exposure to workplace violence

From: Workplace violence towards workers in the emergency departments of Palestinian hospitals: a cross-sectional study

 

Bivariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

 

F

%

χ 2

Pvalue

Adjusted ORa

95% CI

Pvalue

Ownership

       

 Governmental

259

80.2

10.748

0.001

1.14

0.392–3.319

0.809

 Non-governmental

79

65.3

  

1.0

Reference

 

Monthly ED visits

       

 <3 000 visits

58

63.0

14.120

0.001

1.0

Reference

0.086

 3 000–9 000 visits

70

72.9

  

1.9

0.652–5.541

 

 >9 000 visits

210

82.0

  

3.476

1.043–11.585

 

Age

       

 ≤30 years

172

81.5

6.428

0.007

2.299

1.309–4.036

0.004

 >30 years

166

71.2

  

1.0

Reference

 

Job category

       

 Clinicians (nurse/physician)

239

78.9

3.975

0.032

1.654

0.979–2.797

0.06

 Administrative

99

70.2

  

1.0

Reference

 

Experience in ED

       

 <5 years

108

73.5

6.330

0.042

0.984

0.504–1.922

0.017

 5–9 years

117

83.6

  

2.39

1.141–5.006

 

 ≥10 years

113

72.0

  

1.0

Reference

 

Gender

       

 Male

257

75.4

0.467

0.294

1.0

Reference

 

 Female

81

78.6

  

1.371

0.77–2.443

0.284

Region

       

 West Bank

99

75.6

0.031

0.475

1.0

Reference

 

 Gaza

239

76.4

  

1.02

0.569–1.827

0.948

Education

       

 <Bachelor’s degree

107

74.3

0.389

0.305

1.0

Reference

 

 ≥Bachelor’s degree

231

77.0

  

1.185

0.695–2.020

0.533

  1. OR: Odds ratios, CI: Confidence interval, Reference: reference category in the logistic regression model, χ2: Pearson chi-square.
  2. aAdjusted for gender, age, job category, education, hospital ownership, monthly visits to ED, and experience in ED, and region covariates.
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Human Resources for Health

ISSN: 1478-4491