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Table 4 Behaviours showing association with country response group

From: A survey of pharmacists’ perception of foundation level competencies in African countries

Cluster

Competency

Behaviour

High response countries (N)

Low response countries (N)

χ2 value

p

Not relevant

Low relevance

Relevant

Not relevant

Low relevance

Relevant

Pharmaceutical public health

Health promotion

[B1] Assess primary healthcare needs

10

20

396

1*

7

35

9.67

0.01

Medicines information and advice

[B4] Identify sources, retrieve, evaluate, assess and disseminate relevant medicines information according to patients needs

2*

22

402

1*

8

34

1.12

0.01

Pharmaceutical care

Assessment of medicines

[B6] Identify and act upon medicines interactions

40

68

242

3*

15

18

9.56

0.01

Dispensing

[B12] Dispense devices (e.g. inhalers)

11

18

321

0*

9

27

20.54

< 0.001

Medicines

[B19] Ensure appropriate medicine route, dose, time, form and response for individual patients

22

21

307

5

7

24

12.52

0.002

Organisation and management

Human resource management

[B37] Participate and collaborate, advice in therapeutic decision-making and use appropriate decision referral in a multi-disciplinary team

11

23

261

4*

6

23

9.4

0.01

Improvement of service

[B42] Resolve, follow-up and prevent medicines related problems

10

23

262

1*

9

23

12.8

< 0.001

Procurement

[B44] Develop and implement a contingency plan for shortages

11

27

257

5

2*

26

8.5

0.01

Supply chain management

[B54] Implement system for documentation and record keeping

11

13

271

3*

8

22

22.35

0.001

Work place management

[B61] Recognise and manage pharmacy resources (e.g. financial, infrastructure)

9

26

260

5

3*

25

10.71

0.01

Professional and personal

Quality assurance and research in the workplace

[B94] Implement, conduct and maintain a report system of pharmacovigilance (e.g. report adverse drug reactions)

16

11

246

2*

6

24

11.88

0.003

  1. *Counts of less than 5