From: A survey of pharmacists’ perception of foundation level competencies in African countries
Cluster | Competency | Behaviour | Patient-facing sectors* (N%) | Non patient-facing sectors¶ (N%) | χ2 value | p | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not relevant | Low relevance | Relevant | Not relevant | Low relevance | Relevant | |||||
Pharmaceutical care | Assessment of medicines | [B6] Identify, prioritise and act upon medicine-medicine interactions; medicine-disease interactions; medicine-patient interactions; medicine-food interactions (n = 43) | 9.1 | 21.1 | 69.8 | 18.2 | 22.7 | 59.1 | 6.3 | 0.04 |
Dispensing | [B13] Document and act upon dispensing errors (n = 50) | 11.4 | 11.4 | 77.2 | 18.2 | 11.4 | 70.5 | 2.8 | 0.25 | |
[B14] Implement and maintain a dispensing error report system and a ‘near misses’ report system (n = 43) | 10.1 | 13.4 | 76.5 | 14.8 | 6.8 | 78.4 | 3.87 | 0.15 | ||
Medicines | [B20] Package medicines to optimise safety [ensuring appropriate re-packaging and labelling of the medicines] (n = 39) | 7.4 | 11.7 | 80.9 | 19.3 | 13.6 | 67 | 11.45 | 0.003 | |
Organisation and management | Budget and reimbursement | [B32] Ensure appropriate claim for the reimbursement (n = 40) | 10 | 18.4 | 71.6 | 19.2 | 10.3 | 70.5 | 6.56 | 0.04 |
[B34] Ensure proper reference sources for service reimbursement (n = 34) | 9.2 | 16.8 | 74 | 14.1 | 17.9 | 67.9 | 1.72 | 0.44 | ||
Work place management | [58] Ensure the production schedules are appropriately plan and manage (n = 35) | 9.6 | 18.4 | 72 | 14.1 | 7.7 | 78.2 | 5.74 | 0.06 | |
Professional and personal | Quality assurance and research in the workplace | [B87] Apply research findings and understand the benefit risk [e.g. pre-clinical, clinical trials, experimental clinical-pharmacological research and risk management] (n = 34) | 11.7 | 18.2 | 82.4 | 9.5 | 8.1 | 70.1 | 5.02 | 0.08 |
[B90] Ensure appropriate quality control tests are performed and managed appropriately (n = 39) | 14.3 | 21.2 | 64.5 | 8.1 | 6.8 | 85.1 | 11.72 | 0.003 | ||
[B95] Initiate and implement audit and research activities (n = 33) | 11.3 | 19.9 | 68.8 | 9.5 | 8.1 | 82.4 | 6.19 | 0.05 |