Burnout among primary healthcare workers during implementation of integrated mental healthcare in rural Ethiopia: a cohort study

Table 5 Association of demographic, psychosocial and work-related factors with emotional exhaustion using generalised estimating equations

		Crude model			Fully adjusted model*
Selected characteristics	Response categories	Mean difference	95% CI	p value	Mean difference	95% CI	p value
Time		− 0.04	− 0.27, 0.17	0.68	0.16	− 0.09, 0.42	0.20
Sex	Male	Ref
Sex	Female	2.68	0.95, 4.41	< 0.01	− 1.28	− 4.04, 1.48	0.36
Age		− 0.003	− 0.18, 0.17	0.97	0.40	0.12, 0.67	< 0.01
Marital status	Single	Ref
Marital status	Married	0.77	− 1.02, 2.56	0.40	− 1.07	− 3.34, 1.19	0.35
Place of work	Urban	Ref
Place of work	Rural	1.51	− 0.18, 3.20	0.08	1.63	− 0.73, 4.01	0.17
Psychosocial factors	PHQ score*	0.70	0.53, 0.87	< 0.01	0.58	0.31, 0.84	< 0.01
	Social support*	0.32	− 0.19, 0.85	0.22	− 0.02	− 0.63, 0.59	0.95
	Stressful life events*	1.43	0.83, 2.02	< 0.01	1.37	0.65, 2.09	< 0.01
Profession	Facility-based healthcare workers	Ref
Profession	Community-based healthcare workers	5.71	4.0, 7.39	< 0.01	5.65	2.85, 8.44	< 0.01
Year of service		− 0.23	− 0.52, 0.05	0.11	− 0.18	− 0.55, 0.18	0.32
Job satisfaction	Intrinsic job satisfaction*	− 0.32	− 0.43, − 0.21	< 0.01	− 0.02	− 0.23, 0.20	0.84
Job satisfaction	Extrinsic job satisfaction*	− 0.22	− 0.31, − 0.14	< 0.01	− 0.14	− 0.36, 0.06	0.16
Job content and control	Job skill discretion*	− 0.25	− 0.46, − 0.03	0.02	− 0.22	− 0.51,0.05	0.12
	Job decision-making attribute*	− 0.06	− 0.19, 0.08	0.42	0.01	− 0.18, 0.19	0.97
	Job demand*	− 0.02	− 0.19, 0.16	0.84	0.06	− 0.15, 0.27	0.57
	Co-workers support*	− 0.57	− 1.05. -0.09	0.02	− 0.50	− 1.29, 0.29	0.21
	Supervisors support*	− 0.44	− 0.75, − 0.14	< 0.01	0.22	− 0.21, 0.67	0.32

*Mean difference of the EE score associated with continuous predictor variables indicate (a) 1-year increase in age (b), 1-point increase in PHQ-9 total score, (c) 1-point increase in social support score, (d) 1-point increase in total score of stressful life events, (e) a 1-year increase in the service years, (f) 1-point increase in the intrinsic job satisfaction score, (g) 1-point increase in the extrinsic job satisfaction score, (h) a 1-point increase in the “job skill discretion score”, (i) a 1-point increase in the “job decision-making attribute score”, (j) a 1-point increase in the “job demand score”, (k) a 1-point increase in the “co-workers support score”, (l) a 1-point increase in the “supervision support score”

ISSN: 1478-4491