Table 1 Characteristic of the collected studies related to the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress
Author, year, references | Age (years) | Country | Sample size | Prevalence% | Mean ± standard deviation | Diagnostic criteria | Population | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Female | Male | Depression | Anxiety | Stress | Depression | Anxiety | Stress | |||||
Zhu-1, 2020 [7] | 34.16 ± 8.06 | China | 79 | – | – | 45.6 | 11.4 | – | – | – | – | SDSa SASb | Doctor |
Zhu-2, 2020 [7] | – | China | 86 | – | – | 43 | 27.9 | – | – | – | – | SDS SAS | Nurse |
Xiao-1, 2020 [8] | – | China | 180 | 129 | 51 | – | 29.4 | 29.4 | – | 55.25 ± 14.18 | 77.58 ± 29.52 | SAS SASRc | Hospital staff |
Chew, 2020 [9] | 29 (25–35) | Singapore | 906 | 583 | 323 | 10.6 | 15.7 | 5.2 | – | – | – | DASS-21d | Hospital staff |
Zhang-1, 2020 [10] | – | Hong Kong | 564 | 478 | 77 | 39.5 | 30.0 | – | – | – | – | DASS-21 | Doctor |
Zhang-2, 2020 [10] | – | Hong Kong | 999 | 804 | 195 | 31.0 | 25.4 | – | – | – | – | DASS-21 | Nurse |
Wang-1, 2020 [11] | – | China | 194 | – | – | – | – | – | 6.25 ± 1.93 | 6.16 ± 2.22 | 7.76 ± 15.2 | BDI-IIe BAIf PSSg | Doctor |
Wang-2, 2020 [11] | – | China | 1304 | – | – | – | – | – | 6.38 ± 1.66 | 6.15 ± 2.36 | 7.86 ± 17.5 | BDI-II BAI PSS | Nurse |
Liu-1, 2020 [13] | – | China | 512 | 433 | 79 | – | 12.5 | – | – | 39.56 ± 8.91 | – | SAS | Hospital staff |
Du, 2020 [17] | 36.00 ± 8.05 | China | 134 | 81 | 53 | 12.7 | 20.1 | – | 5.76 ± 7.04 | 4.96 ± 8.13 | – | BDI-II BAI | Hospital staff |
Kazmi, 2020 [18] | – | Iran | 1000 | 620 | 380 | 61.1 | 57.0 | 64.3 | – | – | – | DASS-21 | Hospital staff |
Gautam, 2020 [19] | – | China | 187 | – | – | – | 23.0 | – | – | – | – | SAS | Hospital staff |
Ong, 2020 [20] | – | China, Indian, Others | 158 | 111 | 47 | 0.6 | 0.6 | – | – | – | – | DASS-21 | Hospital staff |
Xiao-2, 2020 [21] | – | China | 958 | 644 | 314 | 42.7 | 39.9 | – | – | – | – | HADh | Hospital staff |
Guixia, 2020 [22] | – | China | 86 | – | – | 54.7 | 44.2 | 45.3 | 5.78 ± 4.36 | 46.89 ± 10.47 | 50.7 ± 12.11 | BDI-II SAS SASR | Hospital staff |
Aghili, 2020 [23] | – | Iran | 289 | – | – | 44.6 | 33.9 | 71.3 | – | – | – | SDS SAS SASR | Hospital staff |
Dimitriu, 2020 [24] | 27.92 ± 2.66 | Romania | 100 | 50 | 50 | 9.0 | – | – | – | – | – | SDS SAS | Hospital staff |
Sharif, 2020 [25] | – | India | 375 | – | – | 13.9 | – | – | – | – | – | SDS | Hospital staff |
Geoffroy, 2020 [26] | 32.7 ± 11.00 | France | 149 | – | – | 4.0 | 49.0 | 70.5 | – | – | – | DASS-21 | Hospital staff |
Abdulah, 2020 [27] | 35.06 (33–70) | Australia | 268 | 80 | 188 | – | – | 93.7 | – | – | 4.20 ± 2.46 | PSS | Doctor |
Yin, 2020 [28] | 35.30 ± 9.48 | China | 371 | 228 | 143 | – | – | 44.5 | – | – | – | SASR | Hospital staff |
Gao, 2020 [29] | – | China | 118 | 88 | 30 | 44.9 | 44.9 | – | – | – | – | SDS SAS | Hospital staff |
Huang-1, 2020 [30] | – | China | 230 | 187 | 43 | – | 23.0 | – | – | – | – | SAS | Hospital staff |
Huang-2, 2020 [31] | 49(41–58) | China | 2250 | 1642 | 608 | 19.8 | 35.6 | – | – | – | – | GAD-7i | Hospital staff |
Lai, 2020 [32] | 26–40 | China | 1257 | 964 | 293 | 50.4 | 44.6 | – | – | – | – | GAD-7 | Hospital staff |
Liu-2, 2020 [33] | – | China | 4679 | 3851 | 828 | 34.6 | 16.0 | – | – | – | – | SDS SAS | Nurse |
Lu, 2020 [34] | – | China | 2299 | 1779 | 512 | 11.7 | 24.7 | – | – | – | – | SDS SAS | Nurse |
Tan, 2020 [35] | – | China | 470 | 321 | 149 | 8.9 | 14.5 | 6.6 | – | – | – | DASS-21 | Hospital staff |
Zhang-3, 2020 [36] | – | China | 2178 | 1401 | 781 | 10.7 | 10.5 | – | – | – | – | SDS SAS | Hospital staff |