Table 2 Risk of bias assessment for qualitative studies
| Â | Domains | Â | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First author year | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | Overall summary (risk) |
Barnes 2018 [61] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Boon 2004 [53] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Canaway 2009 [71] | U | U | U | U | U | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Cavaco 2017 [72] | U | U | U | U | U | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Clarke 2004 [54] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Ericksen-Pereira 2020 [55] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | y | Include (moderate) |
Flower 2015 [62] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Gilmour 2002 [63] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Include (moderate) |
Gyasi 2017 [56] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (low) |
James 2020 [59] | U | U | U | U | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Jarvis 2015 [64] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Kelly 2005 [65] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Kelner 2004 [66] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Kelner 2004 [67] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Kelner 2006 [68] | Y | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Lin (Section 9, Hill) 2005 [52] | U | U | U | U | U | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Malhotra 2020 [57] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (low) |
Smith 2015 [58] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (low) |
Steel 2020 [60] | U | U | U | U | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (low) |
Wardle 2013 [69] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |
Welsh 2004 [70] | U | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Include (moderate) |