| Dual foundations | Governance foundation | Digital foundation | Dual gaps |
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | -More mature HRHIS, interoperability -Good governance foundation in place | - Good governance foundation in place - Paper or nascent HRHIS - Digital HRHIS | - Digital HRHIS in place or transitioning to one - Weaker governance and leadership structures | - Low governance and leadership structures - Low digital adoption with partial HRHIS in place |
Countries | India (Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka), Oman, South Africa | Burkina Faso, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Malawi, Namibia, Philippines, Senegal | Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda | Bangladesh, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, South Sudan |